What Are Terpenes

There are hundreds of terpenes identified in cannabis, each with its own distinctive smell. From earthy and musky to sweet and citrusy, the variety of scents in cannabis is as diverse as the strains themselves. The aroma of any particular strain will depend on the types of terpenes it contains and their relative abundance. Because terpenes can vary throughout the growing process and between crops, even the same strain can have slightly different aromas each time it’s grown.

What Are Terpenes?

Terpenes are fragrant oils produced by plants that serve a variety of functions. In cannabis, they not only influence the plant's aroma but may also contribute to its overall effects. While terpenes are most commonly associated with the scent they impart, they can also interact with cannabinoids like THC and CBD, potentially modifying the effects of a given strain—a phenomenon known as the Entourage Effect.

Common Terpenes Found in Cannabis

Cannabis contains many terpenes, but some are more prevalent and recognizable than others. Here are a few of the most common terpenes found in cannabis, along with their characteristic aromas:

Myrcene: Known for its earthy, musky, and ripe fruit aromas, myrcene is also found in mango, lemongrass, hops, and thyme. It’s one of the most common terpenes in cannabis.

Pinene: As the name suggests, pinene has the distinct scent of pine and rosemary. It can also be found in conifers, rosemary, and sage. There are two types of pinene commonly found in cannabis:

• Alpha-Pinene: Aromas of pine and rosemary.
• Beta-Pinene: More herbal aromas, including dill, parsley, and basil.

Limonene: This terpene brings the fresh, citrusy aromas of lemon, lime, and grapefruit. It’s commonly found in citrus fruits and juniper.

Linalool: With floral and fruity aromas, linalool smells like sweet flowers and citrus fruits. It’s commonly found in lavender and mint.

Beta-Caryophyllene: Known for its spicy, peppery scent, beta-caryophyllene is found in black pepper, cloves, and balsam.

• Eucalyptol: This terpene has a fresh, minty aroma that is also found in eucalyptus and various herbs.
• Humulene: This earthy, woody terpene is found in hops, coriander, and cloves. 

How to Use Terpene Descriptions

For many consumers, the names of terpenes might sound unfamiliar or technical. However, it’s helpful to describe cannabis by its more common aromatic characteristics, such as earthy, fruity, or spicy. This makes it easier to communicate the flavour profiles you prefer and can lead to more engaging conversations about cannabis products. As the cannabis market continues to grow, understanding terpenes and their influence on both scent and flavour can guide you toward the right strain for your needs.

Terpenes: One Piece of the Puzzle

While terpenes are an important factor in selecting cannabis, they are just one of many considerations. Potency, cannabinoid profile, and method of consumption all play significant roles in determining how a strain will make you feel. But understanding the role of terpenes can certainly enrich your experience, helping you explore new strains and discover flavours that you enjoy. So, the next time you pick up a cannabis product, take a moment to appreciate the terpenes.

Terpene	Aromas	Also found in
Myrcene	Musky, earthy, ripe fruit	Mangoes, lemongrass, hops, thyme
Alpha-Pinene	Piney, rosemary	Pines, conifers, rosemary, sage
Beta-Pinene	Parsley, dill, basil	Pines, conifers, rosemary, sage
Limonene	Lemon, lime, grapefruit	Citrus fruits, juniper
Linalool	Sweet flowers, citrus	Lavender, flowers, mint, cinnamon
Beta- Caryophyllene	Spicy, peppery, woody	Black pepper, cloves, plant/tree resin
Eucalyptol	Eucalyptus, mint, spice	Eucalyptus, mint, herbs
Humulene	Wood, earth	Hops, coriander